See sum on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Abel sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Appell-Lerch sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "checksum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "digit sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "direct sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "formal sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "linear sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lump sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Murasugi sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "negative-sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "partial sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "positive-sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "princely sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Ramanujan's sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rank sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "residual sum of squares"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Riemann sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ring sum normal form"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum and substance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum assured"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum of best"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum of its parts"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum of parts"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum-total"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum-up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vector sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wedge sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zero-sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zero-sum game"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English summe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Old French summe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa",
"4": "",
"5": "highest point; sum"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa (“highest point; sum”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English summe, from Old French summe, from Latin summa (“highest point; sum”), from summus (“highest”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "checksum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "empty sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nullary sum"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "summand"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "summary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "summation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "summative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "successor"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 33 7 14 5 4 4",
"english": "product",
"roman": "multiplicand",
"sense": "multiplication, factorization; multiplier",
"word": "× ="
},
{
"_dis1": "27 29 8 8 6 11 10",
"roman": "quotient",
"sense": "division; dividend",
"word": "÷ ="
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 7 11 4 7 8",
"alt": "quotient",
"english": "with remaining",
"sense": "numerator) / (denominator) = (quotient",
"word": "Or sometimes"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 28 10 11 6 10 9",
"alt": "exponent",
"english": "power",
"sense": "exponentiation; base",
"word": "="
},
{
"_dis1": "25 6 3 20 3 21 22",
"alt": "antilogarithm",
"english": "logarithm",
"sense": "logarithmization",
"word": "log(base) ="
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 7 6 13 6 15 11 6 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
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{
"_dis": "16 15 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "17 11 6 16 6 17 13 6 8",
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},
{
"_dis": "15 18 7 14 8 14 14 4 6",
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{
"_dis": "16 10 8 13 8 15 13 8 9",
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"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
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{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
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{
"_dis": "16 10 7 14 8 16 13 8 9",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
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"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 18 6 16 7 13 15 4 6",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 11 7 16 6 17 13 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 14 8 12 6 13 11 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 7 16 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 19 7 13 7 13 12 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 7 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 7 15 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
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"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 11 6 18 6 15 15 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 15 7 15 9 15 12 5 8",
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"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 9 3 20 4 22 10 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 14 7 14 9 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Oromo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 1 20 1 20 24 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 7 15 8 18 11 6 8",
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"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 7 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 9 15 12 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 6 14 7 14 15 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 9 6 15 6 17 12 7 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 7 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 6 14 7 14 10 5 5 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 14 8 15 15 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 16 7 14 9 15 11 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 14 6 15 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 15 6 15 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 6 14 8 14 11 4 4 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sum of 3 and 4 is 7.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Numbers 1:2, columns 1–2:",
"text": "Take yee the ſumme of all the Congregation of the children of Iſrael,[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 2004, Jimmy Wales, quotee, “Wikipedia:Prime objective”, in Wikipedia:",
"text": "\"Imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge. That's what we're doing.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quantity obtained by addition or aggregation."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-Op1WKSxw",
"links": [
[
"quantity",
"quantity"
],
[
"addition",
"addition"
],
[
"aggregation",
"aggregation"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "41 29 3 19 3 4 2",
"alt": "augend",
"english": "addend; total",
"sense": "addition, summation",
"word": "+ ="
},
{
"_dis1": "41 29 3 19 3 4 2",
"alt": "summand",
"english": "sum",
"sense": "addition, summation",
"word": "+ +... ="
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sum total"
},
{
"word": "total"
},
{
"word": "totality"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "shumë"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "majmūʕ",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَجْمُوع"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gumar",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "գումար"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "nətijə",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "нәтижә"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sbor",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сбор"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tingob"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "sumada"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "總和"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǒnghé",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "总和"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "總數"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǒngshù",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "总数"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "součet"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somme"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ǯami",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ჯამი"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Summe"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "áthroisma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "άθροισμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "s'khum",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סְכוּם"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "összeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "samtala"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"alt": "そうがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sōgaku",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "総額"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "phɑɑlbouk",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ផលបូក"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"alt": "合計",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hapgye",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "합계"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"alt": "總和",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chonghwa",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "총화"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "suma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сума"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zbir",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "збир"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "hasil tambah"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "jumlah"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "tuka",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "തുക"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tapeke"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "otinga tāpiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ida'ama"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "majmu'",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "مجموع"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Somm"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "soma"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "qullu"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súmma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́мма"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suim"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zbroj"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зби̑р"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zbȋr"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "súčet"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vsota"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adición"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "jumla"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "dagup"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "toplam"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "yekûn"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "tgmr",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "𐎚𐎂𐎎𐎗"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 13 3 1 3 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tổng số"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 15 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 19 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 19 6 14 8 17 11 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 13 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 11 6 16 6 17 13 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cebuano translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 18 7 14 8 14 14 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 18 6 16 7 13 15 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 11 7 16 6 17 13 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 7 16 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 19 7 13 7 13 12 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 7 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 7 15 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 11 6 18 6 15 15 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 15 7 15 9 15 12 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 14 7 14 9 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Oromo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 7 15 8 18 11 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 20 6 13 7 14 15 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 7 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 9 15 12 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 6 14 7 14 15 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 7 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 6 14 7 14 10 5 5 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 14 8 15 15 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 16 7 14 9 15 11 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 14 6 15 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 15 6 15 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 6 14 8 14 11 4 4 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We're learning about division, and the sums are tricky.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1849 May – 1850 November, Charles Dickens, “The Emigrants”, in The Personal History of David Copperfield, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1850, →OCLC, page 572:",
"text": "[…] a large sheet of paper […] covered with long sums […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1981, Lisa Valentin, quoting Richie Benaud, “The day Richie Benaud stood up for principle over patriotism”, in Stuff, published 2015 April 11:",
"text": "\"I think it was a disgraceful performance from a captain that got his sums wrong today, and I think it should never be permitted to happen again.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An arithmetic computation, especially one posed to a student as an exercise (not necessarily limited to addition)."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-b8u5Fevx",
"links": [
[
"arithmetic",
"arithmetic"
],
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often plural) An arithmetic computation, especially one posed to a student as an exercise (not necessarily limited to addition)."
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "30 43 3 16 2 2 4",
"english": "difference",
"roman": "subtrahend",
"sense": "subtraction",
"word": "− ="
},
{
"_dis1": "30 38 5 15 3 5 5",
"english": "factor; factor; product",
"sense": "multiplication, factorization; factor",
"word": "× ×... ="
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "calculation"
},
{
"word": "computation"
}
],
"tags": [
"often",
"plural"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zadáča",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зада́ча"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rekensom"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"word": "laskutehtävä"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calcul"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "práxi",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πράξη"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "soma"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adição"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadáča",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зада́ча"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "matematikexempel"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "matematikuppgift"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 63 4 7 2 6 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "räkneuppgift"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a tidy sum"
},
{
"text": "the sum of forty pounds"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 22:28, column 1:",
"text": "[…]With a great ſumme obteined I this freedome.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Noveria:",
"text": "Merchant Opold: This one promised compensation for services rendered. It humbly suggests that a sum of 250 credits would be most appropriate.\nShepard: Would you have had any chance of getting this past customs without me? You can be a bit more generous.\nMerchant Opold: The other's words possess the discomforting ring of truth.\nMerchant Opold: This one could raise the sum to 500 credits. That is half this one's profit taken by the other. It can offer no more.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quantity of money."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-C9uryYQ6",
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "amount"
},
{
"word": "quantity of money"
},
{
"word": "sum of money"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mablaḡ",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَبْلَغ"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gumar",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "գումար"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "suma",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сума"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "kantidad"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金額"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīn'é",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金额"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "částka"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somme"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contía"
},
{
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"sense": "quantity of money",
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},
{
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},
{
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"code": "de",
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},
{
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"code": "el",
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"sense": "quantity of money",
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],
"word": "ποσό"
},
{
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"sense": "quantity of money",
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],
"word": "סְכוּם"
},
{
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"code": "is",
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"sense": "quantity of money",
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],
"word": "upphæð"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "izh",
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"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"alt": "きんがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kingaku",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金額"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"alt": "金額",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geumaek",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "금액"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"alt": "額數",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "aeksu",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "액수"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "tuka",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "തുക"
},
{
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"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "pūranga moni"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "nb",
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"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "quantia"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ro",
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"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súmma",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "су́мма"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "gd",
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],
"word": "suim"
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{
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"sense": "quantity of money",
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"word": "cantidad"
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{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
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"word": "suma"
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{
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"sense": "quantity of money",
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"word": "belopp"
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{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
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"sense": "quantity of money",
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],
"word": "summa"
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{
"_dis1": "18 1 76 1 1 2 1",
"code": "tr",
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"sense": "quantity of money",
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}
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"examples": [
{
"text": "This is the sum of all the evidence in the case.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "This is the sum and substance of his objections.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-Grsx4mJg",
"links": [
[
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"summary"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "compendium"
},
{
"word": "summation"
},
{
"word": "summary"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A central idea or point; gist."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-ESvDJgSN",
"links": [
[
"gist",
"gist"
]
],
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{
"word": "gist"
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],
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{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 87 4 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎ́štnost",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "съ́щност"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 87 4 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 87 4 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sutʹ",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "суть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 87 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kontenta"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 87 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "kärna"
}
]
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"_dis": "15 13 6 14 7 14 10 5 5 5 6",
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"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 14 8 15 15 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 16 7 14 9 15 11 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 14 6 15 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 15 6 15 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 6 14 8 14 11 4 4 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 1158–1159:",
"text": "Thus I have told thee all my State, and brought / My Storie to the ſum of earthly bliſs[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1877, Rev. Thomas H. Leale, chapter 2, in A Homiletic Commentary on the Book of Ecclesiastes, page 32:",
"text": "Our wisdom and skill cannot save us from accidents, pains, and from that sum of all fears and distresses—death.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The utmost degree; the greatest or most perfect realization (of some concept)."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-7lB9NprR",
"links": [
[
"utmost",
"utmost"
],
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
],
[
"realization",
"realization"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or literary) The utmost degree; the greatest or most perfect realization (of some concept)."
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "22 17 12 6 5 34 6",
"roman": "radicand",
"sense": "root extraction; degree",
"tags": [
"root"
],
"word": "√ ="
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "summit"
},
{
"word": "summit"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 7 6 13 6 15 11 6 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 15 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 19 6 14 8 17 11 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 13 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 11 6 16 6 17 13 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cebuano translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 18 7 14 8 14 14 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 10 8 13 8 15 13 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 10 7 14 8 16 13 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 18 6 16 7 13 15 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 11 7 16 6 17 13 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 7 16 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 19 7 13 7 13 12 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 7 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 7 15 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 11 6 18 6 15 15 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 15 7 15 9 15 12 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 9 3 20 4 22 10 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 14 7 14 9 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Oromo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 6 13 7 13 23 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 8 1 20 1 20 24 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 7 15 8 18 11 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 7 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 8 15 12 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 6 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 15 9 15 12 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 6 14 7 14 15 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 9 6 15 6 17 12 7 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 7 15 7 17 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 6 14 7 14 10 5 5 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 7 14 8 15 15 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 16 7 14 9 15 11 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 14 6 15 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 15 6 15 8 15 11 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 6 14 8 14 11 4 4 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 6 14 8 14 14 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 207:",
"text": "The sum is also used for the quarter, and the strike for the bushel.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old English measure of corn equal to the quarter."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-C4qs9bPe",
"links": [
[
"quarter",
"quarter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An old English measure of corn equal to the quarter."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 3 3 3 82",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "obsolete: old English measure of corn",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sŭm",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English summe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Old French summe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa",
"4": "",
"5": "highest point; sum"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa (“highest point; sum”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English summe, from Old French summe, from Latin summa (“highest point; sum”), from summus (“highest”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "summing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "summed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "summed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (third-person singular simple present sums, present participle summing, simple past and past participle summed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 250b:",
"text": "when you say that stability and change are, it's because you're summing them up together as embraced by it, and taking note of the communion each of them has with being.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To add together."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-verb-zA9Kqpzl",
"links": [
[
"add",
"add"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To add together."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "add up"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sumiram",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "сумирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎbiram",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "събирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "optellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "bijeentellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summata"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fi",
"english": "old",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "ynnätä"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "laskea yhteen"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "additionner"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aǯamva",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "აჯამვა"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "athroízo",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "αθροίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "sommare"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sumować"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zsumować"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zsumowywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "somar"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "summírovatʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "сумми́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skládyvatʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "скла́дывать"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "složítʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сложи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "sumar"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "addera"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summera"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "toplamak"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To give a summary of."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-verb-R4Gu-6pl",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To give a summary of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sum up"
},
{
"word": "summarize"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sŭm",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kk",
"3": "сом"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh сом (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ky",
"3": "сом"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz сом (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ug",
"3": "سوم"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur سوم (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "uz",
"3": "soʻm"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek soʻm",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Kazakh сом (som), Kyrgyz сом (som), Uyghur سوم (som), and Uzbek soʻm, all of which have the core signification “pure”, used in elliptical reference to historical coins of pure gold.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "sumy"
},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums or sumy)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The basic unit of money in Kyrgyzstan."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-XFOsWfMw",
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"Kyrgyzstan",
"Kyrgyzstan"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The basic unit of money in Uzbekistan."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-WFLWSEc9",
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"Uzbekistan",
"Uzbekistan"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sŭm",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "soum"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"word": "somm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "som",
"word": "сом"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "som",
"word": "сом"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "som",
"word": "سوم"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kyrgyzstani som",
"Som (currency)",
"Uzbekistani sum"
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mn",
"3": "сум"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian сум (sum)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠨᡳᡵᡠ",
"t": "a large arrow, militia company, district"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᠨᡳᡵᡠ (niru, “a large arrow, militia company, district”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xgn-pro",
"3": "*sumun",
"t": "arrow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *sumun (“arrow”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mongolian сум (sum), from Manchu ᠨᡳᡵᡠ (niru, “a large arrow, militia company, district”). Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *sumun (“arrow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 6 2 10 2 11 20 1 1 28 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 3 2 6 2 7 4 1 1 18 2 2 0 1 1 1 2 0 2 2 2 3 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 2 7 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 9 2 1 7 1 8 3 1 1 20 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 11 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 8 6 12 4 11 7 1 1 31 2 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "en:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A type of administrative district used in China, Mongolia, and Russia. In Mongolia, a sum is smaller than a province. In China, it is only used in Inner Mongolia, where it is equivalent to a township."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-ycBTQF6p",
"links": [
[
"district",
"district"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"Inner Mongolia",
"Inner Mongolia"
],
[
"township",
"township"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "choy sum"
},
{
"word": "dim sum"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "in Buryatia",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "somon"
},
{
"alt": "in Tuva",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "sumon"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"in Inner Mongolia"
],
"tags": [
"China",
"sometimes"
],
"word": "sumu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sŭm",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Sum (country subdivision)"
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "la",
"3": "subtus"
},
"expansion": "Latin subtus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "Romanian sub",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin subtus, from sub. Compare Romanian sub.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aromanian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"under"
],
"id": "en-sum-rup-prep-12d0imA3",
"links": [
[
"under",
"under"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sun"
},
{
"word": "su"
}
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of suma"
],
"id": "en-sum-cs-noun-n90Vi2v9",
"links": [
[
"suma",
"suma#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sumo"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of sumo"
],
"id": "en-sum-cs-noun-B3XcWAow",
"links": [
[
"sumo",
"sumo#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "non",
"3": "sem"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse sem.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"like, as"
],
"id": "en-sum-fo-conj-aIl4-0qB",
"links": [
[
"like",
"like"
],
[
"as",
"as"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"when, as"
],
"id": "en-sum-fo-conj-SuDtsnGU",
"links": [
[
"when",
"when"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʊmː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊmː"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "non",
"3": "sem"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse sem.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "particle",
"3": "relative particle"
},
"expansion": "sum (relative particle)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Faroese particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"that, who, which"
],
"id": "en-sum-fo-particle-0cb1VCdO",
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"which",
"which"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ið"
}
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʊmː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊmː"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐍃𐌿𐌼"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐍃𐌿𐌼"
],
"id": "en-sum-got-romanization-YmJ-zsUa",
"links": [
[
"𐍃𐌿𐌼",
"𐍃𐌿𐌼#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sùm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "ideophone",
"head": "sùm",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "sùm",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ideophone",
"2": "sùm"
},
"expansion": "sùm",
"name": "ha-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Hausa",
"lang_code": "ha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "smelling bad",
"word": "gùm"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hausa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hausa ideophones",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gùm (“smelling bad”)"
],
"id": "en-sum-ha-noun-Uf5QUVPT",
"links": [
[
"gùm",
"gum#Hausa"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"ideophone"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sùm/"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɪ̀m]",
"note": "Standard Kano Hausa"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 44 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“some”):",
"word": "sumur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):",
"nominative feminine singular"
],
"id": "en-sum-is-adj-MVxaTQDn",
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 44 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“some”):",
"word": "sumur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):",
"nominative/accusative neuter plural"
],
"id": "en-sum-is-adj-27Mmp~0u",
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I knew some of the children.",
"text": "Ég þekkti sum barnanna.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“some”):",
"word": "sumur"
},
{
"extra": "some",
"word": "sumur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”)"
],
"id": "en-sum-is-adj-hzJnTu3G",
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ʏːm"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckv",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kavalan",
"lang_code": "ckv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kavalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"urine"
],
"id": "en-sum-ckv-noun-g1O-oXKf",
"links": [
[
"urine",
"urine"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "fa",
"3": "سم",
"tr": "som"
},
"expansion": "Persian سم (som)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Persian سم (som).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sumı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "klj-infl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumııñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarııñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumqa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarqa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumça",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarça",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumvâra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarvâra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (definite accusative sumı, plural sumlar)",
"name": "klj-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "c"
},
"name": "klj-infl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sum",
"10": "sumlarça",
"11": "sumda",
"12": "sumlarda",
"13": "sumla",
"14": "sumlarla",
"15": "sumvâra",
"16": "sumlarvâra",
"2": "sumlar",
"3": "sumııñ",
"4": "sumlarııñ",
"5": "sumqa",
"6": "sumlarqa",
"7": "sumı",
"8": "sumları",
"9": "sumça"
},
"name": "klj-infl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Khalaj entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hoof"
],
"id": "en-sum-klj-noun-khLpyET8",
"links": [
[
"hoof",
"hoof"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "süm"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sʊ̞m]",
"note": "Talxâbî"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "absum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "adsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "coest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dēsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ēns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "essentia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "id est"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "īnsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "intersum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mihi nōmen est"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nōn semper Sāturnālia erunt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "obsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "possum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "praesum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "prōsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "quid est"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "quid est nōmen tibi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "quid tibi est"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sōns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "subsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum ubi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "supersum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "unde es"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "blended with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">fierī</i>"
},
"expansion": "(blended with fierī)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Balkan Romance: (blended with fierī)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "săm"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: săm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: săm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "hiu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: hiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: hiu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "fi"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: fi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: fi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fi"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: fi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: fi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdn",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Gallurese: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gallurese: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "essere"
},
"expansion": "Italian: essere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: essere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "essere"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: essere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: essere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdc",
"2": "assé"
},
"expansion": "Sassarese: assé",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sassarese: assé"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "èssiri"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: èssiri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: èssiri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "èssere"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: èssere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: èssere"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Padanian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "èser"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: èser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: èser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "ièsi"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: ièsi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: ièsi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "êse"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: êse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: êse"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "vesser"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: vesser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: vesser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: esse"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: es",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: es"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "jessi",
"3": "sei"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: jessi, sei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: jessi, sei"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "ester"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: ester",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: ester"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "esser"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: esser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: esser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "èser"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: èser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: èser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ésser"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: ésser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: ésser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "étre"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: étre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: étre"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "estre"
},
"expansion": "Old French: estre",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: estre (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "èsser"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: èsser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: èsser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "blended with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">sedēre</i>"
},
"expansion": "(blended with sedēre)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ibero-Romance: (blended with sedēre)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mxi",
"2": "שיראד"
},
"expansion": "Mozarabic: שיראד (šyrʔd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mozarabic: שיראד (šyrʔd)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "seer"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: seer\nFala: sel\nGalician: ser\nPortuguese: ser",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: seer\nFala: sel\nGalician: ser\nPortuguese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Leonese: [Term?]",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Leonese: [Term?]"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "sel"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: sel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: sel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "seer"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: seer\nSpanish: ser (in part)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: seer\nSpanish: ser (in part)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ser",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Catalan: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Catalan: ser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "esse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Esse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Esse"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁es-",
"4": "*bʰuH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*ezom",
"4": "*som~*ezom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *som~*ezom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti",
"t": "be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“be”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *som~*ezom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“be”) + *bʰúHt (“become”). From the latter of the two derive all the /f-/ forms of Latin sum (including fore), the separate verb fīō (“become”), and the verb-endings -bō (future) and -bam (past imperfect). Clipped conjugations with /s-/, such as sum itself, occurred alongside more conservative equivalents with /es-/ in early Latin, such as the archaic esum. The clipped forms likely arose as unstressed clitics.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular conjugation",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no passive",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no supine stem except in the future active participle",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "esse",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fuī",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrus",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular no-supine",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sumus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "estis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuistī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuistis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuērunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuēre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fueram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fueris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fueritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sītis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "essem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "esset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foret",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "essēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "forent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerīs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerīmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerītis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuisset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "este",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estōte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "suntō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fuisse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrum esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "fore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle",
"passive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "irreg",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "sum (present infinitive esse, perfect active fuī, future participle futūrus); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle",
"name": "la-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "irreg",
"2": "sum"
},
"name": "la-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am a Roman citizen.",
"text": "Civis romanus sum.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I am without a kingdom.",
"text": "Sum sine regno.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Dixit duas res ei rubori fuisse.\nHe said that two things had abashed him.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(literally, “A lot of time is to me.”)",
"roman": "I have a lot of time.",
"text": "Mihi est multum tempus.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I am a man, I consider nothing that is human alien to me.",
"ref": "163 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos 1.77",
"text": "Homō sum, hūmānī nihil ā mē aliēnum putō."
},
{
"english": "O ye immortal gods, where on earth are we?",
"ref": "63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations 1.9",
"text": "Ō dī immortālēs, ubinam gentium sumus?"
},
{
"english": "“That task will be mine. ….”",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.115",
"text": "Mēcum erit iste labor. …."
},
{
"english": "The die is cast.",
"ref": "121 CE, Suetonius, De Vita Caesarum, Iulius 33:",
"text": "Alea iacta est.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Honour thy father and thy mother, that thou mayest be longlived upon the land which the Lord thy God will give thee.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Exodus 20:12",
"text": "Honōrā patrem tuum et matrem tuam, ut sīs longaevus super terram, quam Dominus Deus tuus dabit tibi."
},
{
"english": "I think, therefore I am.",
"ref": "1647, René Descartes, Meditationes de Prima Philosophia, in qua Dei existentia et animæ immortalitas demonstratur:",
"text": "Cogito, ergo sum.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be, exist, belong"
],
"id": "en-sum-la-verb-CfaYk4bT",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"belong",
"belong"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) to be, exist, belong [with dative]"
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is there still anything bad\nwith me in the world?",
"ref": "c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Hercules Oetaeus 1399–1400",
"roman": "in orbe mēcum?",
"text": "Estne adhūc aliquid malī"
}
],
"glosses": [
"there be"
],
"id": "en-sum-la-verb-H3~Yim6a",
"links": [
[
"there be",
"there be"
]
],
"qualifier": "existential",
"raw_glosses": [
"(existential) there be"
],
"tags": [
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They went to conquer Pisanius' castle with fifty boats, engines, siege weapons, etc.",
"text": "Ad quod castrum vincendum Pisani fuerunt cum quinquaginta navibus, plattis et schafis, etc,",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to go"
],
"id": "en-sum-la-verb-gNM9bcDR",
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin, in the past tense) to go"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"irregular",
"past"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ecclesiastical Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 11 22 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 13 17 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin verbs with missing supine stem except in the future active participle",
"parents": [
"Future active participles",
"Active participles",
"Participles",
"Verb forms",
"Non-lemma forms",
"Verbs",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hear instruction and be wise, and refuse it not.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs 8:33",
"text": "Audīte disciplīnam et estōte sapientēs et nōlīte abicere eam."
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative be"
],
"id": "en-sum-la-verb-K1adCRUA",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin), imperative be"
],
"tags": [
"Ecclesiastical",
"Latin",
"Medieval-Latin",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[s̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[sum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "esom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"archaic"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "obsolete hapax",
"word": "esum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "late infinitive",
"word": "essere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "esam"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "esat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "esed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eso"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "essis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fuam"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fueit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fuuit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fuvimus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fuvisset"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "siēd"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "leiesum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pengesum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin summa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "summer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "summene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What's the sum of 2+2?",
"text": "Hva er summen av 2+2?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a sum (addition or aggregation)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nb-noun-hvMf2k-2",
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a sum (amount of money)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nb-noun-K5s59E-c",
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From the verb summe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite singular",
"4": "summet",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n (definite singular summet)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"buzz (continuous noise)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nb-noun--iOXn9v-",
"links": [
[
"buzz",
"buzz"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "verb form",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "nb-verb-form"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "summe"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of summe"
],
"id": "en-sum-nb-verb-qrH7-fbt",
"links": [
[
"summe",
"summe#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pengesum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin summa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "summar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "summane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What's the sum of 2+2?",
"text": "Kva er summen av 2+2?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a sum (addition or aggregation)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nn-noun-hvMf2k-2",
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a sum (amount of money)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nn-noun-K5s59E-c",
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From the verb summe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite singular",
"4": "summet",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n (definite singular summet)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"buzz (continuous noise)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nn-noun--iOXn9v-",
"links": [
[
"buzz",
"buzz"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "sumet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They started swimming towards the holm.",
"text": "Dei la på sum utover mot holmen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an act of swimming"
],
"id": "en-sum-nn-noun-6q5lJ4hp",
"links": [
[
"swimming",
"swimming"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "sumt",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "feminine",
"4": "sum",
"5": "neuter",
"6": "sumt",
"7": "plural",
"8": "sume",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "sum m (feminine sum, neuter sumt, plural sume)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "som"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of som"
],
"id": "en-sum-nn-pron-mWwDtRPw",
"links": [
[
"som",
"som#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pre-2012) alternative form of som"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sumr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sumr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ang-decl-sum"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Some said, it is him; some said, No, but instead is similar to him. He said truly, it is me.",
"roman": "Sume cwǣdon, Hē hyt is; sume cwǣdon, Nese, ac is him ġelīc. Hē cwæþ sōðlīce, ic hit eom.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 9, verse 9",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"id": "en-sum-ang-pron-prRt0NGu",
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: som",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: som"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Low German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: sum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old English sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-adj-st",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sum",
"title": "sum"
},
"name": "osx-decl-adj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"id": "en-sum-osx-pron-prRt0NGu",
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "سُم",
"tags": [
"Perso-Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "noun",
"3": "Perso-Arabic spelling",
"4": "سُم",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "sum m (Perso-Arabic spelling سُم)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phalura",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Phalura entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mud (dry), dust"
],
"id": "en-sum-phl-noun-uiXCsqCN",
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "aav-khs-pro",
"3": "*sum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Khasian *sum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "mkh-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "huo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bdq",
"2": "hum"
},
"expansion": "Bahnar hum",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Khasian *sum, from Proto-Mon-Khmer. Cognate with Hu θúm. Likely related to the forms with h- and null initials, such as Bahnar hum.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "pbv-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Pnar",
"lang_code": "pbv",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pnar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to bathe"
],
"id": "en-sum-pbv-verb-J~-PMm2P",
"links": [
[
"bathe",
"bathe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "som",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish som",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "som"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish som",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish som.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "sum m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sum"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Catfish",
"orig": "pl:Catfish",
"parents": [
"Fish",
"Otocephalan fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wels, wels catfish, sheatfish (Silurus glanis)"
],
"id": "en-sum-pl-noun--b955rts",
"links": [
[
"wels",
"wels"
],
[
"wels catfish",
"wels catfish"
],
[
"sheatfish",
"sheatfish"
],
[
"Silurus glanis",
"Silurus glanis#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sum europejski"
},
{
"word": "sum pospolity"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"homophone": "Sum"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "sum f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of suma"
],
"id": "en-sum-pl-noun-n90Vi2v9",
"links": [
[
"suma",
"suma#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"homophone": "Sum"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sbf",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Shabo",
"lang_code": "sbf",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Shabo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"say"
],
"id": "en-sum-sbf-verb-oLln~GAT",
"links": [
[
"say",
"say"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sȗm",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "please help by adding the tonal marks.",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hard o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "súm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "súmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmov",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "súmov",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "súmom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "súme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmih",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "súmih",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "súmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sȗm",
"2": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "sȗm m inan",
"name": "sl-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "súm"
},
"name": "sl-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suspicion, mistrust"
],
"id": "en-sum-sl-noun-xsCg8yQa",
"links": [
[
"suspicion",
"suspicion"
],
[
"mistrust",
"mistrust"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/súːm/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "msn",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vurës",
"lang_code": "msn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 20 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vurës entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to drink"
],
"id": "en-sum-msn-verb-5i9kA2DY",
"links": [
[
"drink",
"drink"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sym/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sum\nMiddle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sum\nMiddle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "som",
"3": "sam",
"4": "säm"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: som, sam, säm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: som, sam, säm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "sume",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: sume, sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: sume, sum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: sum\nMiddle Low German: som\nLow German: sum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: sum\nMiddle Low German: som\nLow German: sum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: som\nDutch: som, saom (dialectal)\nLimburgish: zóm",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: som\nDutch: som, saom (dialectal)\nLimburgish: zóm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: sum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "determiner"
},
"expansion": "*sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sum",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"id": "en-sum-gmw-pro-det-prRt0NGu",
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "la",
"3": "subtus"
},
"expansion": "Latin subtus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "Romanian sub",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin subtus, from sub. Compare Romanian sub.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Aromanian lemmas",
"Aromanian prepositions",
"Aromanian terms derived from Latin",
"Aromanian terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"under"
],
"links": [
[
"under",
"under"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sun"
},
{
"word": "su"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech non-lemma forms",
"Czech noun forms",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of suma"
],
"links": [
[
"suma",
"suma#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech non-lemma forms",
"Czech noun forms",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sumo"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of sumo"
],
"links": [
[
"sumo",
"sumo#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Mongolic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cebuano translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Oromo translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Mathematics"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Abel sum"
},
{
"word": "Appell-Lerch sum"
},
{
"word": "checksum"
},
{
"word": "digit sum"
},
{
"word": "direct sum"
},
{
"word": "formal sum"
},
{
"word": "in sum"
},
{
"word": "linear sum"
},
{
"word": "lump sum"
},
{
"word": "Murasugi sum"
},
{
"word": "negative-sum"
},
{
"word": "partial sum"
},
{
"word": "positive-sum"
},
{
"word": "princely sum"
},
{
"word": "Ramanujan's sum"
},
{
"word": "rank sum"
},
{
"word": "residual sum of squares"
},
{
"word": "Riemann sum"
},
{
"word": "ring sum normal form"
},
{
"word": "sum and substance"
},
{
"word": "sum assured"
},
{
"word": "sum of best"
},
{
"word": "sum of its parts"
},
{
"word": "sum of parts"
},
{
"word": "sum-total"
},
{
"word": "sum up"
},
{
"word": "sum-up"
},
{
"word": "vector sum"
},
{
"word": "wedge sum"
},
{
"word": "zero-sum"
},
{
"word": "zero-sum game"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English summe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Old French summe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa",
"4": "",
"5": "highest point; sum"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa (“highest point; sum”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English summe, from Old French summe, from Latin summa (“highest point; sum”), from summus (“highest”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "checksum"
},
{
"word": "empty sum"
},
{
"word": "nullary sum"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "summand"
},
{
"word": "summary"
},
{
"word": "summation"
},
{
"word": "summative"
},
{
"word": "successor"
},
{
"alt": "augend",
"english": "addend; total",
"sense": "addition, summation",
"word": "+ ="
},
{
"alt": "summand",
"english": "sum",
"sense": "addition, summation",
"word": "+ +... ="
},
{
"english": "difference",
"roman": "subtrahend",
"sense": "subtraction",
"word": "− ="
},
{
"english": "product",
"roman": "multiplicand",
"sense": "multiplication, factorization; multiplier",
"word": "× ="
},
{
"english": "factor; factor; product",
"sense": "multiplication, factorization; factor",
"word": "× ×... ="
},
{
"roman": "quotient",
"sense": "division; dividend",
"word": "÷ ="
},
{
"alt": "quotient",
"english": "with remaining",
"sense": "numerator) / (denominator) = (quotient",
"word": "Or sometimes"
},
{
"alt": "exponent",
"english": "power",
"sense": "exponentiation; base",
"word": "="
},
{
"roman": "radicand",
"sense": "root extraction; degree",
"tags": [
"root"
],
"word": "√ ="
},
{
"alt": "antilogarithm",
"english": "logarithm",
"sense": "logarithmization",
"word": "log(base) ="
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sum of 3 and 4 is 7.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Numbers 1:2, columns 1–2:",
"text": "Take yee the ſumme of all the Congregation of the children of Iſrael,[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 2004, Jimmy Wales, quotee, “Wikipedia:Prime objective”, in Wikipedia:",
"text": "\"Imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge. That's what we're doing.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quantity obtained by addition or aggregation."
],
"links": [
[
"quantity",
"quantity"
],
[
"addition",
"addition"
],
[
"aggregation",
"aggregation"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sum total"
},
{
"word": "total"
},
{
"word": "totality"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We're learning about division, and the sums are tricky.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1849 May – 1850 November, Charles Dickens, “The Emigrants”, in The Personal History of David Copperfield, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1850, →OCLC, page 572:",
"text": "[…] a large sheet of paper […] covered with long sums […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1981, Lisa Valentin, quoting Richie Benaud, “The day Richie Benaud stood up for principle over patriotism”, in Stuff, published 2015 April 11:",
"text": "\"I think it was a disgraceful performance from a captain that got his sums wrong today, and I think it should never be permitted to happen again.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An arithmetic computation, especially one posed to a student as an exercise (not necessarily limited to addition)."
],
"links": [
[
"arithmetic",
"arithmetic"
],
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often plural) An arithmetic computation, especially one posed to a student as an exercise (not necessarily limited to addition)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "calculation"
},
{
"word": "computation"
}
],
"tags": [
"often",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a tidy sum"
},
{
"text": "the sum of forty pounds"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 22:28, column 1:",
"text": "[…]With a great ſumme obteined I this freedome.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Noveria:",
"text": "Merchant Opold: This one promised compensation for services rendered. It humbly suggests that a sum of 250 credits would be most appropriate.\nShepard: Would you have had any chance of getting this past customs without me? You can be a bit more generous.\nMerchant Opold: The other's words possess the discomforting ring of truth.\nMerchant Opold: This one could raise the sum to 500 credits. That is half this one's profit taken by the other. It can offer no more.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quantity of money."
],
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "amount"
},
{
"word": "quantity of money"
},
{
"word": "sum of money"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This is the sum of all the evidence in the case.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "This is the sum and substance of his objections.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A summary; the principal points or thoughts when viewed together; the substance."
],
"links": [
[
"summary",
"summary"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "compendium"
},
{
"word": "summation"
},
{
"word": "summary"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A central idea or point; gist."
],
"links": [
[
"gist",
"gist"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gist"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 1158–1159:",
"text": "Thus I have told thee all my State, and brought / My Storie to the ſum of earthly bliſs[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1877, Rev. Thomas H. Leale, chapter 2, in A Homiletic Commentary on the Book of Ecclesiastes, page 32:",
"text": "Our wisdom and skill cannot save us from accidents, pains, and from that sum of all fears and distresses—death.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The utmost degree; the greatest or most perfect realization (of some concept)."
],
"links": [
[
"utmost",
"utmost"
],
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
],
[
"realization",
"realization"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or literary) The utmost degree; the greatest or most perfect realization (of some concept)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "summit"
},
{
"word": "summit"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 207:",
"text": "The sum is also used for the quarter, and the strike for the bushel.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old English measure of corn equal to the quarter."
],
"links": [
[
"quarter",
"quarter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An old English measure of corn equal to the quarter."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sŭm",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "shumë"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "majmūʕ",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَجْمُوع"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gumar",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "գումար"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "nətijə",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "нәтижә"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sbor",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сбор"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tingob"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "sumada"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "總和"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǒnghé",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "总和"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "總數"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǒngshù",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "总数"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "součet"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somme"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ǯami",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ჯამი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Summe"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "áthroisma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "άθροισμα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "s'khum",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סְכוּם"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "összeg"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "samtala"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"alt": "そうがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sōgaku",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "総額"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "phɑɑlbouk",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ផលបូក"
},
{
"alt": "合計",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hapgye",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "합계"
},
{
"alt": "總和",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chonghwa",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "총화"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "suma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сума"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zbir",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "збир"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "hasil tambah"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "jumlah"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "tuka",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "തുക"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tapeke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "otinga tāpiri"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ida'ama"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "majmu'",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "مجموع"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Somm"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "soma"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "qullu"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súmma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́мма"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suim"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zbroj"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зби̑р"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zbȋr"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "súčet"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vsota"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adición"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "jumla"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "dagup"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "toplam"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "yekûn"
},
{
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "tgmr",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "𐎚𐎂𐎎𐎗"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tổng số"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zadáča",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зада́ча"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rekensom"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"word": "laskutehtävä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calcul"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "práxi",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πράξη"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "soma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adição"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadáča",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зада́ча"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "matematikexempel"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "matematikuppgift"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "räkneuppgift"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mablaḡ",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَبْلَغ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gumar",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "գումար"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "suma",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сума"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "kantidad"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金額"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīn'é",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金额"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "částka"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somme"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contía"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "raodenoba",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "რაოდენობა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "odenoba",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "ოდენობა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Summe"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "posó",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ποσό"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "s'khum",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סְכוּם"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "upphæð"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"alt": "きんがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kingaku",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金額"
},
{
"alt": "金額",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geumaek",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "금액"
},
{
"alt": "額數",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "aeksu",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "액수"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "tuka",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "തുക"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "pūranga moni"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "quantia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súmma",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́мма"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suim"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cantidad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "belopp"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "meblağ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎ́štnost",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "съ́щност"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sutʹ",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "суть"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kontenta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kärna"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "obsolete: old English measure of corn",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Mongolic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cebuano translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Oromo translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Mathematics"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English summe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Old French summe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa",
"4": "",
"5": "highest point; sum"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa (“highest point; sum”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English summe, from Old French summe, from Latin summa (“highest point; sum”), from summus (“highest”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "summing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "summed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "summed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (third-person singular simple present sums, present participle summing, simple past and past participle summed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 250b:",
"text": "when you say that stability and change are, it's because you're summing them up together as embraced by it, and taking note of the communion each of them has with being.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To add together."
],
"links": [
[
"add",
"add"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To add together."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "add up"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To give a summary of."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To give a summary of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sum up"
},
{
"word": "summarize"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sŭm",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sumiram",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "сумирам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎbiram",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "събирам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "optellen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "bijeentellen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "old",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "ynnätä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "laskea yhteen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "additionner"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aǯamva",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "აჯამვა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summieren"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "athroízo",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "αθροίζω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "sommare"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sumować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zsumować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zsumowywać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "somar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "summírovatʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "сумми́ровать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skládyvatʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "скла́дывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "složítʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сложи́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "sumar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "addera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summera"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "toplamak"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Kazakh",
"English terms borrowed from Kyrgyz",
"English terms borrowed from Mongolian",
"English terms borrowed from Uyghur",
"English terms borrowed from Uzbek",
"English terms derived from Kazakh",
"English terms derived from Kyrgyz",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Proto-Mongolic",
"English terms derived from Uyghur",
"English terms derived from Uzbek",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"en:Mathematics"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kk",
"3": "сом"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh сом (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ky",
"3": "сом"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz сом (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ug",
"3": "سوم"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur سوم (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "uz",
"3": "soʻm"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek soʻm",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Kazakh сом (som), Kyrgyz сом (som), Uyghur سوم (som), and Uzbek soʻm, all of which have the core signification “pure”, used in elliptical reference to historical coins of pure gold.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "sumy"
},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums or sumy)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The basic unit of money in Kyrgyzstan."
],
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"Kyrgyzstan",
"Kyrgyzstan"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The basic unit of money in Uzbekistan."
],
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"Uzbekistan",
"Uzbekistan"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sŭm",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "som"
},
{
"word": "soum"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"word": "somm"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "som",
"word": "сом"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "som",
"word": "сом"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "som",
"word": "سوم"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"word": "somm"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "som",
"word": "сом"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "som",
"word": "سوم"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kyrgyzstani som",
"Som (currency)",
"Uzbekistani sum"
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Proto-Mongolic",
"English terms with homophones",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"en:Mathematics"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mn",
"3": "сум"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian сум (sum)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠨᡳᡵᡠ",
"t": "a large arrow, militia company, district"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᠨᡳᡵᡠ (niru, “a large arrow, militia company, district”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xgn-pro",
"3": "*sumun",
"t": "arrow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *sumun (“arrow”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mongolian сум (sum), from Manchu ᠨᡳᡵᡠ (niru, “a large arrow, militia company, district”). Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *sumun (“arrow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "choy sum"
},
{
"word": "dim sum"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A type of administrative district used in China, Mongolia, and Russia. In Mongolia, a sum is smaller than a province. In China, it is only used in Inner Mongolia, where it is equivalent to a township."
],
"links": [
[
"district",
"district"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"Inner Mongolia",
"Inner Mongolia"
],
[
"township",
"township"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sŭm",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "in Buryatia",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "somon"
},
{
"alt": "in Tuva",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "sumon"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"in Inner Mongolia"
],
"tags": [
"China",
"sometimes"
],
"word": "sumu"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Sum (country subdivision)"
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Faroese conjunctions",
"Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"Faroese lemmas",
"Faroese particles",
"Faroese terms derived from Old Norse",
"Faroese terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Faroese/ʊmː"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "non",
"3": "sem"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse sem.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"like, as"
],
"links": [
[
"like",
"like"
],
[
"as",
"as"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"when, as"
],
"links": [
[
"when",
"when"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʊmː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊmː"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Faroese conjunctions",
"Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"Faroese lemmas",
"Faroese particles",
"Faroese terms derived from Old Norse",
"Faroese terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Faroese/ʊmː"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "non",
"3": "sem"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse sem.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "particle",
"3": "relative particle"
},
"expansion": "sum (relative particle)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"that, who, which"
],
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"which",
"which"
]
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʊmː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊmː"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ið"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐍃𐌿𐌼"
}
],
"categories": [
"Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"Gothic non-lemma forms",
"Gothic romanizations",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐍃𐌿𐌼"
],
"links": [
[
"𐍃𐌿𐌼",
"𐍃𐌿𐌼#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sùm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "ideophone",
"head": "sùm",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "sùm",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ideophone",
"2": "sùm"
},
"expansion": "sùm",
"name": "ha-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Hausa",
"lang_code": "ha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "smelling bad",
"word": "gùm"
}
],
"categories": [
"Hausa entries with incorrect language header",
"Hausa ideophones",
"Hausa lemmas",
"Hausa terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gùm (“smelling bad”)"
],
"links": [
[
"gùm",
"gum#Hausa"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"ideophone"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sùm/"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɪ̀m]",
"note": "Standard Kano Hausa"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic pronoun forms",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ʏːm",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ʏːm/1 syllable"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“some”):",
"word": "sumur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):",
"nominative feminine singular"
],
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“some”):",
"word": "sumur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):",
"nominative/accusative neuter plural"
],
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I knew some of the children.",
"text": "Ég þekkti sum barnanna.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“some”):",
"word": "sumur"
},
{
"extra": "some",
"word": "sumur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”)"
],
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ʏːm"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckv",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kavalan",
"lang_code": "ckv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kavalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Kavalan lemmas",
"Kavalan nouns",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"urine"
],
"links": [
[
"urine",
"urine"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "fa",
"3": "سم",
"tr": "som"
},
"expansion": "Persian سم (som)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Persian سم (som).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sumı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "klj-infl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumııñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarııñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumqa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarqa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumça",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarça",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumvâra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarvâra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (definite accusative sumı, plural sumlar)",
"name": "klj-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "c"
},
"name": "klj-infl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sum",
"10": "sumlarça",
"11": "sumda",
"12": "sumlarda",
"13": "sumla",
"14": "sumlarla",
"15": "sumvâra",
"16": "sumlarvâra",
"2": "sumlar",
"3": "sumııñ",
"4": "sumlarııñ",
"5": "sumqa",
"6": "sumlarqa",
"7": "sumı",
"8": "sumları",
"9": "sumça"
},
"name": "klj-infl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Khalaj entries with incorrect language header",
"Khalaj lemmas",
"Khalaj nouns",
"Khalaj terms borrowed from Persian",
"Khalaj terms derived from Persian",
"Khalaj terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"hoof"
],
"links": [
[
"hoof",
"hoof"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sʊ̞m]",
"note": "Talxâbî"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "süm"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin active-only verbs",
"Latin defective verbs",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin irregular verbs",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin suppletive verbs",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin verbs",
"Latin verbs with missing supine stem except in the future active participle",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "absum"
},
{
"word": "adsum"
},
{
"word": "coest"
},
{
"word": "dēsum"
},
{
"word": "ēns"
},
{
"word": "essentia"
},
{
"word": "id est"
},
{
"word": "īnsum"
},
{
"word": "intersum"
},
{
"word": "mihi nōmen est"
},
{
"word": "nōn semper Sāturnālia erunt"
},
{
"word": "obsum"
},
{
"word": "possum"
},
{
"word": "praesum"
},
{
"word": "prōsum"
},
{
"word": "quid est"
},
{
"word": "quid est nōmen tibi"
},
{
"word": "quid tibi est"
},
{
"word": "sōns"
},
{
"word": "subsum"
},
{
"word": "sum ubi"
},
{
"word": "supersum"
},
{
"word": "unde es"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "blended with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">fierī</i>"
},
"expansion": "(blended with fierī)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Balkan Romance: (blended with fierī)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "săm"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: săm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: săm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "hiu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: hiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: hiu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "fi"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: fi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: fi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fi"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: fi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: fi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdn",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Gallurese: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gallurese: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "essere"
},
"expansion": "Italian: essere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: essere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "essere"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: essere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: essere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdc",
"2": "assé"
},
"expansion": "Sassarese: assé",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sassarese: assé"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "èssiri"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: èssiri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: èssiri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "èssere"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: èssere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: èssere"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Padanian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "èser"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: èser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: èser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "ièsi"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: ièsi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: ièsi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "êse"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: êse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: êse"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "vesser"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: vesser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: vesser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: esse"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: es",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: es"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "jessi",
"3": "sei"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: jessi, sei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: jessi, sei"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "ester"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: ester",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: ester"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "esser"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: esser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: esser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "èser"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: èser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: èser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ésser"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: ésser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: ésser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "étre"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: étre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: étre"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "estre"
},
"expansion": "Old French: estre",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: estre (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "èsser"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: èsser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: èsser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "blended with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">sedēre</i>"
},
"expansion": "(blended with sedēre)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ibero-Romance: (blended with sedēre)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mxi",
"2": "שיראד"
},
"expansion": "Mozarabic: שיראד (šyrʔd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mozarabic: שיראד (šyrʔd)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "seer"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: seer\nFala: sel\nGalician: ser\nPortuguese: ser",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: seer\nFala: sel\nGalician: ser\nPortuguese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Leonese: [Term?]",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Leonese: [Term?]"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "sel"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: sel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: sel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "seer"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: seer\nSpanish: ser (in part)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: seer\nSpanish: ser (in part)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ser",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Catalan: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Catalan: ser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "esse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Esse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Esse"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁es-",
"4": "*bʰuH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*ezom",
"4": "*som~*ezom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *som~*ezom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti",
"t": "be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“be”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *som~*ezom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“be”) + *bʰúHt (“become”). From the latter of the two derive all the /f-/ forms of Latin sum (including fore), the separate verb fīō (“become”), and the verb-endings -bō (future) and -bam (past imperfect). Clipped conjugations with /s-/, such as sum itself, occurred alongside more conservative equivalents with /es-/ in early Latin, such as the archaic esum. The clipped forms likely arose as unstressed clitics.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular conjugation",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no passive",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no supine stem except in the future active participle",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "esse",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fuī",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrus",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular no-supine",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sumus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "estis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuistī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuistis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuērunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuēre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fueram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fueris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fueritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sītis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "essem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "esset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foret",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "essēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "forent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerīs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerīmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerītis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuisset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "este",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estōte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "suntō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fuisse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrum esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "fore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle",
"passive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "irreg",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "sum (present infinitive esse, perfect active fuī, future participle futūrus); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle",
"name": "la-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "irreg",
"2": "sum"
},
"name": "la-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin copulative verbs",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am a Roman citizen.",
"text": "Civis romanus sum.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I am without a kingdom.",
"text": "Sum sine regno.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Dixit duas res ei rubori fuisse.\nHe said that two things had abashed him.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(literally, “A lot of time is to me.”)",
"roman": "I have a lot of time.",
"text": "Mihi est multum tempus.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I am a man, I consider nothing that is human alien to me.",
"ref": "163 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos 1.77",
"text": "Homō sum, hūmānī nihil ā mē aliēnum putō."
},
{
"english": "O ye immortal gods, where on earth are we?",
"ref": "63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations 1.9",
"text": "Ō dī immortālēs, ubinam gentium sumus?"
},
{
"english": "“That task will be mine. ….”",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.115",
"text": "Mēcum erit iste labor. …."
},
{
"english": "The die is cast.",
"ref": "121 CE, Suetonius, De Vita Caesarum, Iulius 33:",
"text": "Alea iacta est.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Honour thy father and thy mother, that thou mayest be longlived upon the land which the Lord thy God will give thee.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Exodus 20:12",
"text": "Honōrā patrem tuum et matrem tuam, ut sīs longaevus super terram, quam Dominus Deus tuus dabit tibi."
},
{
"english": "I think, therefore I am.",
"ref": "1647, René Descartes, Meditationes de Prima Philosophia, in qua Dei existentia et animæ immortalitas demonstratur:",
"text": "Cogito, ergo sum.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be, exist, belong"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"belong",
"belong"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) to be, exist, belong [with dative]"
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is there still anything bad\nwith me in the world?",
"ref": "c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Hercules Oetaeus 1399–1400",
"roman": "in orbe mēcum?",
"text": "Estne adhūc aliquid malī"
}
],
"glosses": [
"there be"
],
"links": [
[
"there be",
"there be"
]
],
"qualifier": "existential",
"raw_glosses": [
"(existential) there be"
],
"tags": [
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples",
"Medieval Latin"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They went to conquer Pisanius' castle with fifty boats, engines, siege weapons, etc.",
"text": "Ad quod castrum vincendum Pisani fuerunt cum quinquaginta navibus, plattis et schafis, etc,",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to go"
],
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin, in the past tense) to go"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"irregular",
"past"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ecclesiastical Latin",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Medieval Latin"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hear instruction and be wise, and refuse it not.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs 8:33",
"text": "Audīte disciplīnam et estōte sapientēs et nōlīte abicere eam."
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin), imperative be"
],
"tags": [
"Ecclesiastical",
"Latin",
"Medieval-Latin",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[s̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[sum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "esom"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"archaic"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"english": "obsolete hapax",
"word": "esum"
},
{
"english": "late infinitive",
"word": "essere"
},
{
"word": "esam"
},
{
"word": "esat"
},
{
"word": "esed"
},
{
"word": "eso"
},
{
"word": "essis"
},
{
"word": "fuam"
},
{
"word": "fueit"
},
{
"word": "fuuit"
},
{
"word": "fuvimus"
},
{
"word": "fuvisset"
},
{
"word": "siēd"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "leiesum"
},
{
"word": "pengesum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin summa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "summer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "summene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What's the sum of 2+2?",
"text": "Hva er summen av 2+2?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a sum (addition or aggregation)"
],
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a sum (amount of money)"
],
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From the verb summe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite singular",
"4": "summet",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n (definite singular summet)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"buzz (continuous noise)"
],
"links": [
[
"buzz",
"buzz"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "verb form",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "nb-verb-form"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "summe"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of summe"
],
"links": [
[
"summe",
"summe#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pengesum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin summa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "summar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "summane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What's the sum of 2+2?",
"text": "Kva er summen av 2+2?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a sum (addition or aggregation)"
],
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a sum (amount of money)"
],
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From the verb summe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite singular",
"4": "summet",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n (definite singular summet)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"buzz (continuous noise)"
],
"links": [
[
"buzz",
"buzz"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "sumet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They started swimming towards the holm.",
"text": "Dei la på sum utover mot holmen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an act of swimming"
],
"links": [
[
"swimming",
"swimming"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "sumt",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "feminine",
"4": "sum",
"5": "neuter",
"6": "sumt",
"7": "plural",
"8": "sume",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "sum m (feminine sum, neuter sumt, plural sume)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "som"
}
],
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk pre-2012 forms"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of som"
],
"links": [
[
"som",
"som#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pre-2012) alternative form of som"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sumr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sumr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ang-decl-sum"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English pronouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Some said, it is him; some said, No, but instead is similar to him. He said truly, it is me.",
"roman": "Sume cwǣdon, Hē hyt is; sume cwǣdon, Nese, ac is him ġelīc. Hē cwæþ sōðlīce, ic hit eom.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 9, verse 9",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: som",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: som"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Low German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: sum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old English sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-adj-st",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sum",
"title": "sum"
},
"name": "osx-decl-adj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon pronouns",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "سُم",
"tags": [
"Perso-Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "noun",
"3": "Perso-Arabic spelling",
"4": "سُم",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "sum m (Perso-Arabic spelling سُم)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phalura",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Phalura entries with incorrect language header",
"Phalura lemmas",
"Phalura masculine nouns",
"Phalura nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"mud (dry), dust"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "aav-khs-pro",
"3": "*sum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Khasian *sum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "mkh-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "huo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bdq",
"2": "hum"
},
"expansion": "Bahnar hum",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Khasian *sum, from Proto-Mon-Khmer. Cognate with Hu θúm. Likely related to the forms with h- and null initials, such as Bahnar hum.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "pbv-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Pnar",
"lang_code": "pbv",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pnar entries with incorrect language header",
"Pnar lemmas",
"Pnar terms derived from Proto-Khasian",
"Pnar terms derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"Pnar terms inherited from Proto-Khasian",
"Pnar verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to bathe"
],
"links": [
[
"bathe",
"bathe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/um",
"Rhymes:Polish/um/1 syllable",
"pl:Catfish"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "som",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish som",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "som"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish som",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish som.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "sum m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sum"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wels, wels catfish, sheatfish (Silurus glanis)"
],
"links": [
[
"wels",
"wels"
],
[
"wels catfish",
"wels catfish"
],
[
"sheatfish",
"sheatfish"
],
[
"Silurus glanis",
"Silurus glanis#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sum europejski"
},
{
"word": "sum pospolity"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"homophone": "Sum"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/um",
"Rhymes:Polish/um/1 syllable",
"pl:Catfish"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "sum f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of suma"
],
"links": [
[
"suma",
"suma#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"homophone": "Sum"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sum\nMiddle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sum\nMiddle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "som",
"3": "sam",
"4": "säm"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: som, sam, säm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: som, sam, säm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "sume",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: sume, sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: sume, sum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: sum\nMiddle Low German: som\nLow German: sum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: sum\nMiddle Low German: som\nLow German: sum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: som\nDutch: som, saom (dialectal)\nLimburgish: zóm",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: som\nDutch: som, saom (dialectal)\nLimburgish: zóm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: sum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "determiner"
},
"expansion": "*sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sum",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic determiners",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sbf",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Shabo",
"lang_code": "sbf",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Shabo entries with incorrect language header",
"Shabo lemmas",
"Shabo verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"say"
],
"links": [
[
"say",
"say"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sȗm",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "please help by adding the tonal marks.",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hard o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "súm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "súmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmov",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "súmov",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "súmom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "súme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmih",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "súmih",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "súmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sȗm",
"2": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "sȗm m inan",
"name": "sl-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "súm"
},
"name": "sl-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Slovene 1-syllable words",
"Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
"Slovene inanimate nouns",
"Slovene lemmas",
"Slovene masculine hard o-stem nouns",
"Slovene masculine inanimate nouns",
"Slovene masculine nouns",
"Slovene nouns",
"Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"suspicion, mistrust"
],
"links": [
[
"suspicion",
"suspicion"
],
[
"mistrust",
"mistrust"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/súːm/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "msn",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vurës",
"lang_code": "msn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 20 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vurës entries with incorrect language header",
"Vurës lemmas",
"Vurës verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to drink"
],
"links": [
[
"drink",
"drink"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sym/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sum meaning in All languages combined (98.7kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''inflection of sumur (“some”):'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"sum"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: pre-2012",
"path": [
"sum"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: pre-2012",
"path": [
"sum"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
"path": [
"sum"
],
"section": "Slovene",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for please help by adding the tonal marks.",
"path": [
"sum"
],
"section": "Slovene",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2517",
"msg": "UNIMPLEMENTED parse_translation_template: trans-top-see {1: 'basic unit of money in Kyrgyzstan', 2: 'som#English'}",
"path": [
"sum",
"trans-top-see"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2517",
"msg": "UNIMPLEMENTED parse_translation_template: trans-top-see {1: 'basic unit of money in Uzbekistan', 2: 'som#English'}",
"path": [
"sum",
"trans-top-see"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.